Stainless Steel 304: Properties, Composition, and Applications

 

Introduction

Stainless Steel 304 (SS 304) is one of the most commonly used austenitic stainless steels, known for its excellent corrosion resistance, durability, and ease of fabrication. It is widely used in industrial, food processing, and structural applications due to its versatility and strength.



SS 304 Chemical Composition

SS 304 is composed of the following elements:

ElementPercentage (%)
Carbon (C)≤ 0.08
Chromium (Cr)18.0 – 20.0
Nickel (Ni)8.0 – 10.5
Manganese (Mn)≤ 2.0
Silicon (Si)≤ 1.0
Phosphorus (P)≤ 0.045
Sulfur (S)≤ 0.03
Nitrogen (N)≤ 0.10

SS 304 Mechanical Properties

PropertyValue
Yield Strength205 MPa (29,700 psi)
Tensile Strength515 – 620 MPa (75,000 – 90,000 psi)
Elongation≥ 40%
Hardness (HRC)≤ 25 HRC
Density8.0 g/cm³
Modulus of Elasticity193 – 200 GPa

SS 304 vs. SS 316

PropertySS 304SS 316
Corrosion ResistanceGoodSuperior (Due to Molybdenum)
CostLowerHigher
StrengthSimilarSlightly Higher
ApplicationsFood Industry, PipesMarine, Chemical Industry

SS 304 Price

The price of Stainless Steel 304 varies depending on market conditions, thickness, and supplier. On average, the price ranges from ₹180-₹250 per kg in India.

SS 304 Standards & Ratings

  • EN Standard: 1.4301

  • ASTM Standard: ASTM A240 / A276

  • SS 304 Casting Grade: CF8 (Equivalent ASTM A351 Grade)

  • 304 SS Rating: Generally rated for corrosion resistance and moderate strength applications

  • Equivalent EN Standard of SS 304: EN 1.4301

FAQs

1. What are the properties of SS 304?

SS 304 offers excellent corrosion resistance, good weldability, high durability, and moderate strength, making it suitable for various industries.

2. Where can I find an SS 304 material properties PDF?

You can download material property sheets from manufacturer websites or steel standard organizations.

3. What is the hardness of SS 304 in HRC?

The hardness of SS 304 is typically ≤ 25 HRC.

4. How does SS 304 compare to SS 316?

SS 316 has added molybdenum, giving it superior corrosion resistance, especially in marine environments.

5. What is the EN standard for SS 304?

The EN equivalent for SS 304 is 1.4301.

6. What is the casting grade of SS 304?

SS 304’s casting equivalent is CF8 (ASTM A351 Grade).

7. What is the price of Stainless Steel 304?

The price varies from ₹180-₹250 per kg, depending on supplier and market rates.

8. What are the typical applications of SS 304?

SS 304 is widely used in food processing, kitchen equipment, medical instruments, piping systems, and structural applications.

9. Is SS 304 magnetic?

No, SS 304 is non-magnetic in the annealed condition, but slight magnetism may develop after cold working.

10. Can SS 304 be used for high-temperature applications?

Yes, SS 304 can withstand temperatures up to 870°C (1600°F) but is not ideal for prolonged exposure to extreme heat.

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